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Research Article
A New Approach to Integrating Renewable Energies in the Design of a Shea Kernel Solar Mill
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
67-80
Received:
10 September 2024
Accepted:
8 October 2024
Published:
22 November 2024
Abstract: The development of the agri-food sector in West African countries is limited by energy and technological factors. As a result, the main shea nut producers in these countries, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali, export their production to the benefit of large industries in northern countries. One of the most difficult operations involved in transforming shea nuts into shea butter is grinding. Processing shea kernels into shea butter requires a mill or grinder. The types of energy (diesel and electricity) used by these mills are fossil-based, difficult to access and pose huge environmental issues. The objective of this work is to design a mill, operating with photovoltaic solar energy as an energy source, in a design approach using design rules and industrial engineering tools. To this end, a survey on the practices of the networks of agri-food equipment stakeholders on the use of renewable energy and the characterization of the network of solar mill stakeholders were carried out. The results of the surveys and the network characterization of the stakeholders, combined with those of the literature review, made it possible to define rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the solar mill. The use of functional analysis and a tool to help choose energy-efficient technological solutions enabled to apply the rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the shea kernel solar mill for validation purpose. The results of the functional tests of the solar mill showed a production capacity of 270 Kg of shea kernel paste, a solar energy consumption of 11,532 kWh equivalent to an energy consumption of 1.82 USD in 6 hours operational time per day.
Abstract: The development of the agri-food sector in West African countries is limited by energy and technological factors. As a result, the main shea nut producers in these countries, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali, export their production to the benefit of large industries in northern countries. One of the most difficult operations involved in transforming...
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Research Article
General Models for Monthly Average Daily Global Solar Irradiation
Jacques Marie Ilboudo,
Dominique Bonkoungou*
,
Sosthene Tassembedo,
Zacharie Koalaga
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
81-90
Received:
2 November 2024
Accepted:
20 November 2024
Published:
3 December 2024
Abstract: With the world’s growing demand for electricity and the crucial need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it’s more important than ever to develop renewable energies, particularly solar power. The study carried out in this document is in line with the same principle, i.e. to improve the exploitation of solar energy. Its aim is to develop a mathematical model for mean monthly daily global solar irradiation that is independent of measurement data and suitable for all sites worldwide. For this study, we used daily global solar irradiation data for a horizontal surface. These data are from 60 sites worldwide and cover the period from 2000 to 2023. To examine the quality of the models established in the document, we carried out an investigation into performance tools. We have presented two, including MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Based on the daily global solar irradiance data from the 60 sites, the empirical model of extraterrestrial daily solar irradiance, and computational tools, we have formulated mathematical expressions of solar irradiance. It has the particularity of being independent of measurement data such as the duration of the day and temperature of the sites. It requires only the latitudes of the locations to estimate the solar potential values of the sites. A study of the performance of the established model showed that the model of monthly mean daily global solar irradiation values has fairly acceptable accuracy and fairly good correlation.
Abstract: With the world’s growing demand for electricity and the crucial need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it’s more important than ever to develop renewable energies, particularly solar power. The study carried out in this document is in line with the same principle, i.e. to improve the exploitation of solar energy. Its aim is to develop a mathemati...
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Research Article
Integration of Solar Energy into Fire Safety System
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
91-100
Received:
1 November 2024
Accepted:
15 November 2024
Published:
16 December 2024
Abstract: The integration of solar energy into the fire safety system represents a significant step forward in improving the reliability and efficiency of these devices. Traditional security systems generally rely on electricity supplied by the grid, which can be problematic in the event of a power outage during an emergency. Fire has harmful consequences for society, causing human losses and considerable material damage, not to mention the impact on economic activities. To effectively combat this phenomenon, this article proposes the development of an integrated fire protection device, equipped with a solar energy system, guaranteeing energy autonomy and the protection of premises. This device is designed to detect fire outbreaks using sensors. Its design is based on the selection and sizing of various electronic components, including a GSM module, an Arduino Nano, smoke detectors, an alert system, as well as a photovoltaic system for solar energy. For programming and assembly of the electrical circuit, the Qelectrical software is used. In addition, a temperature and humidity sensor is integrated into the alert system, thus forming a control set that ensures the proper operation of the device. Like existing systems, this device helps reduce damage in the event of a fire while operating independently of clean energy sources, respectingthe environment, also meeting the energy needs of the building. It is an ecological, non-polluting solution, suitable even for isolated areas.
Abstract: The integration of solar energy into the fire safety system represents a significant step forward in improving the reliability and efficiency of these devices. Traditional security systems generally rely on electricity supplied by the grid, which can be problematic in the event of a power outage during an emergency. Fire has harmful consequences fo...
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Research Article
Optimization of Thermal Comfort in Compressed Earth Block (CEB) Buildings in Burkina Faso
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
101-112
Received:
19 November 2024
Accepted:
2 December 2024
Published:
19 December 2024
Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of orientation on the thermal comfort of bioclimatic buildings in general, and in particular those built with compressed earth blocks. A first experimental study confirmed that compressed earth blocks have good thermal inertia, and made it possible to determine the number of annual hours of thermal comfort in the room. The results showed a thermal phase shift of 6 hours with a temperature difference of 10°C between the outside and the inside of the room, for an annual total of 4788 hours of comfort (54.65%) compared to 2158 hours of discomfort (49.80%), with a hygrothermal index (HIT) of 1.6 and an annual cooling requirement of 753.55 kWh. Subsequently, dynamic thermal simulations (DTS) carried out on different orientations made it possible to optimize the thermal comfort and energy consumption of the premises studied. The NORTHEAST and SOUTH-EAST orientation of the facades, with the two windows of the premises, made it possible to achieve 78.1% thermal comfort, or 6833 hours, a HIT of 0.5 and an annual power requirement of cooling of 523.78 kWh. Finally, similar work was carried out to propose optimal orientations for bioclimatic buildings in the three climatic zones of Burkina Faso.
Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of orientation on the thermal comfort of bioclimatic buildings in general, and in particular those built with compressed earth blocks. A first experimental study confirmed that compressed earth blocks have good thermal inertia, and made it possible to determine the number of annual hours of ther...
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