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Contribution to the Improvement of the Earthing Resistance of Electrical Installations: Case of Tropical Zones Lands

Received: 30 January 2020     Accepted: 18 February 2020     Published: 26 February 2020
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Abstract

Optimizing the earthing resistance is still a challenge with regard to the damage that continues to occur in electrical installations due to the poor earth network. The research carried out to date does not take into account the diversity of soils often characterized by its intrinsic value of resistivity. The generalization of grounding techniques gives in some places high resistances of the ground circuit. In fact, much remains to be done in terms of optimizing the resistance of the earth circuit. This very exciting problem concerns not only industrial frequency circuits, but also high frequency circuits often meet in telecommunications. In this area, account must be taken of the reactance of the grounded rods, and therefore the impedance, which is often negligible at low frequencies, thus in this paper we present a comparative study of the variation of the earth resistance of the different types of soil depending on the length of the earth stake on the one hand, and on the diameter of the earth hole on the other hand. The interest of this work is to find an approach which would be allowed to realize an earth network having an optimal resistance whatever the type of soil.

Published in Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Earth Resistance, Ground Stake Length, Soil Types, Earth Circuit, Earth Hole Diameter

References
[1] Bernard Lacroix et Roland Calvas. Schémas des liaisons à la terre dans le monde et évolutions. Cahier technique n° 173 édition septembre 1998.
[2] Bernard Lacroix et Roland Calvas. Schémas des liaisons à la terre en BT (régimes du neutre). Cahier technique n° 172 édition mai 2001.
[3] Jean-Pierre NZURU NSEKERE. Contribution à l’analyse et à la réalisation des mises à la terre des installations électriques dans les régions tropicales. Thèse présentée en février 2009 à l’université de Liège.
[4] ZIDANE ZINE ABIDDINE. Modélisation et simulation des prises de terre dans les systèmes électriques. Mémoire de magister présentée le 13/5/2012 à l’université Ferhat Abbas-Setiif.
[5] SEMAAN GEORGES. Évaluation de l'effet de la mer et du contrepoids sur le profil de la tension d'un système de mise à la terre d'une ligne de transport d'énergie à haute tension dans un sol résistif. Thèse présentée en septembre 2001 à l’École de Technologie Supérieure de l’Université de Québec.
[6] Arthur FLURY AG. Mise à la terre. Paratonnerre. Protection contre les surtensions. Edition 2017.
[7] François JULLIEN et Isabelle HERITIER. Le schéma IT (à neutre isolé) des liaisons à la terre en BT. Cahier technique n° 178 édition décembre 1998.
[8] Houndedako S, Aredjodoun J., Vianou A., Espanet Ch., Adedjouma S.. Choix de la configuration d’une prise de terre de type piquet pour une protection optimale. Revue du CAMES – Sciences Appliquées et de l’Ingénieur. Cames 2014 - Published Online 2014 - http://publication.lecames.org/.
[9] N’bali Lanoy KONAN. Etudes des Avaries de Résistances de Mise à la Terre sur les Transformateurs HTB/HTA des Postes Sources de CÔTE D’IVOIRE. Mémoire de diplôme d’Ingénieur 2iE avec grade de Master présenté le 17 Janvier 2018 à l’Institut International d’Ingénierie de Ouagadougou 01 - BURKINA FASO.
[10] Tahar ROUIBAH. Contribution à la modélisation et à la simulation des prises de terre des installations électriques. Thèse présentée le 11/11/2015 Université Ferhat ABBES-SITIF1.
[11] Gabriel Papaiz Garbini. Contribution au calcul des élévations de potentiel de sol en contexte ferroviaire. Thèse soutenue le 25/06/2015.
[12] Prof. J. L. Lilien. Analyse comparative des mises à la terre aux USA et dans divers pays d’Europe: influences sur les courants de contact. Cours année 2004 – 2005. Université de Liège.
[13] Hoang Vo Van HUY. Optimisation des techniques de mise à la terre des écrans des câbles à haute et très haute tensions. Thèse soutenue le 9 novembre 1999.
[14] Commission d'étude des questions relatives à la haute tension CEH. Technique de mesure des mises à la terre des installations à haute tension, nouveaux procédés. Bulletin SEVNSE 23/95, P 31-39, 1995. Voltastrasse 9, 8044 Zurich.
[15] Xavier Legrand. Modélisation des systèmes de mise à la terre des lignes électriques soumises à des transitoires de foudres. Thèse de doctorat, l’école doctorale de Lyon, 2007.
[16] Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI), 2002 CEI 60364-5-54: Installations électriques des bâtiments, choix et mise en œuvre des matériels électriques – Mises à la terre, conducteurs de protection et d’équipotentialité, 2ème édition 2002-06.
[17] Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI), 2005 CEI 60479-1: Effets du courant sur l’homme et les animaux domestiques – Partie 1: Aspects généraux, Ed. 4, 2005.
[18] Werner, D. H. and R. J. Allard. The simultaneous interpolation of antenna radiation patterns in both the spatial and frequency domains using modelbased parameter estimation. IEEE trans. Antennas propagat., Vol. 48, N°. 3, pp. 383-400, Mar 2000.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Mathurin Gogom, Rodolphe Gomba, Desire Lilonga-Boyenga. (2020). Contribution to the Improvement of the Earthing Resistance of Electrical Installations: Case of Tropical Zones Lands. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 8(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11

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    ACS Style

    Mathurin Gogom; Rodolphe Gomba; Desire Lilonga-Boyenga. Contribution to the Improvement of the Earthing Resistance of Electrical Installations: Case of Tropical Zones Lands. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2020, 8(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11

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    AMA Style

    Mathurin Gogom, Rodolphe Gomba, Desire Lilonga-Boyenga. Contribution to the Improvement of the Earthing Resistance of Electrical Installations: Case of Tropical Zones Lands. Sci J Energy Eng. 2020;8(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11,
      author = {Mathurin Gogom and Rodolphe Gomba and Desire Lilonga-Boyenga},
      title = {Contribution to the Improvement of the Earthing Resistance of Electrical Installations: Case of Tropical Zones Lands},
      journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20200801.11},
      abstract = {Optimizing the earthing resistance is still a challenge with regard to the damage that continues to occur in electrical installations due to the poor earth network. The research carried out to date does not take into account the diversity of soils often characterized by its intrinsic value of resistivity. The generalization of grounding techniques gives in some places high resistances of the ground circuit. In fact, much remains to be done in terms of optimizing the resistance of the earth circuit. This very exciting problem concerns not only industrial frequency circuits, but also high frequency circuits often meet in telecommunications. In this area, account must be taken of the reactance of the grounded rods, and therefore the impedance, which is often negligible at low frequencies, thus in this paper we present a comparative study of the variation of the earth resistance of the different types of soil depending on the length of the earth stake on the one hand, and on the diameter of the earth hole on the other hand. The interest of this work is to find an approach which would be allowed to realize an earth network having an optimal resistance whatever the type of soil.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AU  - Mathurin Gogom
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    AU  - Desire Lilonga-Boyenga
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
    JF  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
    JO  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20200801.11
    AB  - Optimizing the earthing resistance is still a challenge with regard to the damage that continues to occur in electrical installations due to the poor earth network. The research carried out to date does not take into account the diversity of soils often characterized by its intrinsic value of resistivity. The generalization of grounding techniques gives in some places high resistances of the ground circuit. In fact, much remains to be done in terms of optimizing the resistance of the earth circuit. This very exciting problem concerns not only industrial frequency circuits, but also high frequency circuits often meet in telecommunications. In this area, account must be taken of the reactance of the grounded rods, and therefore the impedance, which is often negligible at low frequencies, thus in this paper we present a comparative study of the variation of the earth resistance of the different types of soil depending on the length of the earth stake on the one hand, and on the diameter of the earth hole on the other hand. The interest of this work is to find an approach which would be allowed to realize an earth network having an optimal resistance whatever the type of soil.
    VL  - 8
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Author Information
  • Polytechnical Superior National School Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Polytechnical Superior National School Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Polytechnical Superior National School Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

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